Selected Publications:

Pending papers

G Fanchini, V Gupta, A B Mann and M Chhowalla, “Analysis of boron carbide samples for armor applications by Raman and surface-enhanced-Raman spectroscopy” under review at Physical Review B.

V Gupta, G Fanchini, S Miller, J A Sharab, J Bentley and M Chhowalla, “Effect of Growth Parameters and Si-doping on Boron Carbide Nanostructures” under review.

Published papers

G.Eda, Y.-Y.Lin, C.Mattevi, H.Yamaguchi, H.-A.Chen, I.-S.Chen, C.-W.Chen, and M.Chhowalla "Blue photoluminescence from chemically derived graphene oxide" accepted, Adv. Mater. (2009). [pdf]

G.Eda, C.Mattevi, H.Yamaguchi, H.Kim, and M.Chhowalla "Insulator to Semimetal Transition in Graphene Oxide" J. Phys. Chem. C 113, 15768 (2009). [pdf]

Cecilia Mattevi, Goki Eda, Stefano Agnoli, Steve Miller, K. Andre Mkhoyan, Ozgur Celik, Daniel Mastrogiovanni, Gaetano Granozzi, Eric Garfunkel, and Manish Chhowalla "Evolution of Electrical, Chemical, and Structural Properties of Transparent and Conducting Chemically Derived Graphene Thin Films"Advanced Functional Materials 19 1 (2009). [pdf]

Wojtek Tutak, Ki Ho Park, Anatoly Vasilov, Valentin Starovoytov, Giovanni Fanchini, Shi-Qing Cai, Nicola C Partridge, Federico Sesti and Manish Chhowalla "Toxicity induced enhanced xtracellular
matrix production in osteoblastic cells cultured on single-walled carbon nanotube networks"Nanotechnology 20 255101(2009). [pdf]

Husnu Emrah Unalan, Yan Zhang, Pritesh Hiralal, Sharvari Dalal, Daping Chu, Goki Eda, K. B. K. Teo, Manish Chhowalla, William I. Milne, and Gehan A. J. Amaratunga "Zinc oxide nanowire networks for macroelectronic devices"Applied Physics Letters 94 163501 (2009). [pdf]

K Andre Mkhoyan, Alexander W. Contryman, John Silcox, Derek A. Stewart, Goki Eda, Cecilia Mattevi, Steve Miller, and Manish Chhowalla "Atomic and Electronic Structure of Graphene-Oxide" Nano Letters (2009). [pdf]

Goki Eda and Manish Chhowalla "Graphene-based Composite Thin Films for Electronics" Nano Letters (2009). [pdf]

Goki Eda, H. Emrah Unalan, Nalin Rupesinghe, Gehan A. J. Amaratunga,
and Manish Chhowalla "Field Emission From Graphene Based Composite Thin Films" Applied Physics Letters 93 233502 (2008). [pdf]

Husnu Emrah Unalan, Pritesh Hiralal, Daniel Kuo,Bhavin Parekh, Gehan Amaratunga and Manish Chhowalla "Flexible organic photovoltaics from zinc oxide nanowires grown on
transparent and conducting single walled carbon nanotube thin films" Journal of Materials Chemistry 18 5909-5912 (2008). [pdf]

Giovanni Fanchini, Steve Miller, Bhavin Parek, Manish Chhowalla “Optical anisotropy in single walled carbon nanotube thin films: Implications for transparent and conducting electrodes in organic photovoltaics”Nano Letters (2008). [pdf]

Giovanni Fanchini, Varun Gupta, Adrian B. Mann, Manish Chhowalla “In Situ Monitoring of Structural Changes in Boron Carbide Under Electric Fields”, Journal of the American Ceramic Society (2008). [pdf]

Goki Eda, Yun-Yue Lin, Steve Miller, Chun-Wei Chen, Wei-Fang Su, and Manish Chhowalla "Transparent and conducting electrodes for organic electronics from reduced graphene oxide" Applied Physics Letters 92 233305 (2008). [pdf]

Goki Eda, Giovanni Fanchini, Alokik Kanwal, and Manish Chhowalla "Bundling dynamics of single walled carbon nanotubes in aqueous suspensions" Journal of Applied Physics 103 093118 (2008). [pdf]

Goki Eda, Giovanni Fanchini, and Manish Chhowalla "Large-area ultrathin films of reduced graphene oxide as a transparent and flexible electronic material" Nature Nanotechnology 3 270-274 (2008). [pdf]

Steve Miller, Giovanni Fanchini, Yun-Yue Lin, Cheng Li, Chun-Wei Chen, Wei-Fang Su and Manish Chhowalla "Investigation of nanoscale morphological changes in organic photovoltaics during solvent vapor annealing" Journal of Materials Chemistry 18 306-312 (2008). [pdf]

N Raykar, V Gupta, B Kear, M Chhowalla, A B Mann “Nanomechanics of a high H/E carbonaceous material” Scripta Materialia 57 925-928 (2007).  

M Chhowalla “Transparent and conducting SWNT thin films for flexible electronics” Journal of the Society for Information Display 15 1085-1088 (2007), Invited Review.

Cheng Li, Yuhong Chen, Yubing Wang, Zafar Iqbal, Manish Chhowalla and Somenath Mitra, "A fullerene–single wall carbon nanotube complex for polymer bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells" Journal of Materials Chemistry 17 2406-2411 (2007). [pdf]

Giovanni Fanchini, Husnu Emrah Unalan, and Manish Chhowalla, "Voltage-Induced Dependence of Raman-Active Modes in Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Thin Films" Nano Letters 7 (2007). [pdf]

Bhavin B. Parekh, Giovanni Fanchini, Goki Eda, and Manish Chhowalla, "Improved conductivity of transparent single-wall carbon nanotube thin films via stable postdeposition  functionalization" Applied Physics Letters 90 121913 (2007). [pdf]

Giovanni Fanchini, Husnu Emrah Unalan, and Manish Chhowalla, “Modification of transparent and conducting single wall carbon nanotube thin films via bromine functionalization” Applied Physics Letters 90 092144 (2007). [pdf]

Alokik Kanwal, Manish Chhowalla, "Stable, three layered organic memory devices from C60 molecules and insulating polymers" Applied Physics Letters 89 203103 (2006). [pdf]

Giovanni Fanchini, James W. McCauley,  and Manish Chhowalla, “Behavior of Disordered Boron Carbide under Stress” Physical Review Letters PRL 97 035502 (2006). [pdf]

G Fanchini, H E Unalan and M Chhowalla, “Optoelectronic properties and confinement effects in transparent and conducting single wall carbon nanotubes” Applied Physics Letters 88 191919 (2006).

Giovanni Fanchini, Husnu Emrah Unalan,and Manish Chhowalla, “Optoelectronic properties of transparent and conducting single-wall carbon nanotube thin films” Applied Physics Letters 88 191919 (2006). [pdf]

Aurelien Du Pasquier, Steve Miller, and Manish Chhowalla, “On the use of Ga-In eutectic and halogen light source for testing P3HT-PCBM organic solar cells” Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells 90 1828-1839 (2006). [pdf]

L. E. Hueso, G. Burnell, J. L. Prieto, L. Granja, and C. Bell, D. J. Kang, M. Chhowalla, S. N. Cha, J. E. Jang, G. A. J. Amaratunga, and N. D. Mathur, “Electrical transport between epitaxial manganites and carbon nanotubesApplied Physics Letters 88 083120  (2006). [pdf]

Husnu Emrah Unalan, Giovanni Fanchini, Alokik Kanwal, Aurelien Du Pasquier and Manish Chhowalla, “Design Criteria for Transparent Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Thin-Film Transistors” Nano Letters 6 677-682 (2006). [pdf]

S Paul, A Kanwal and M Chhowalla, “Memory effect in thin films of insulating
polymer and C60 nanocompositesNanotechnology 17 145–151 (2006). [pdf]

M Chhowalla, H Emrah Unalan, Y B Wang, Z Iqbal, K H Park and F Sesti, “Irreversible blocking of ion channels using functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes” Nanotechnology 16 2982-2986 (2005).

Aurelien Du Pasquier, Husnu Emrah Unalan, Alokik Kanwal, Steve Miller, and Manish Chhowalla, “Conducting and transparent single-wall carbon nanotube electrodes for polymer-fullerene solar cells” Applied Physics Letters 87 203511 (2005). [pdf]

H.Emrah Unalan, Manish Chhowalla, “Investigation of Single-Walled Carbon NanotubeGrowth Parameters using Alcohol Chemical Vapor Deposition” Nanotechnology 16 2153-2163 (2005). [pdf]

Manish Chhowalla, H. Emrah Unalan, “'Thin films of hard cubic Zr3N4 stabilized by stress” Nature Materials 4 317-322 (2005). [pdf]

R G Lacerda, K B K Teo, A S Teh, M H Yang, S H Dalal, D A Jefferson, J H Durrell, N L Rupesinghe, D Roy, G A J Amaratunga, W I Milne, F Wyczisk, P Legagneux, M Chhowalla, “Thin-film metal catalyst for the production of multi-wall and single-wall carbon nanotubes” Journal of  Applied Physics 96 4456-4462 (2004).

M S Bell, R G Lacerda, K B K Teo, N L Rupesinghe, G A J Amaratunga, W I Milne and M Chhowalla, “Plasma composition during plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of carbon nanotubes” Applied Physics Letters 85 1137-1139 (2004).

D Roy M Chhowalla, N Hellgren, T W Clyne, G A J Amaratunga, “Probing carbon nanoparticles in CNx thin films using Raman spectroscopy” Physical Review B 70, art. no. 035406 (2004).

H Wang, M Chhowalla, N Sano, S Jia, and G A J Amaratunga, “Large scale synthesis of single-walled carbon nanohorns by submerged arc” Nanotechnology 15 546 – 550 (2004). [pdf]

C Ducati, I Alexandrou, M Chhowalla, J Robertson and G A J Amaratunga, “The role of the catalytic particle in the growth of carbon nanotubes by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition” Journal of Applied Physics 95, 6387-6391 (2004).

N Sano, T Kikuchi, H L Wang, M Chhowalla and G A J Amaratunga, “Carbon nanohorns hybridized with a metal-included nanocapsule” Chemical Physics Letters 42, 95-99 (2004).

Kenneth B. K. Teo, Charanjeet Singh, Manish Chhowalla, William I. Milne, “Catalytic Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers” Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 1 665-686 (2004). [pdf]

R G Lacerda, A S The, M H Yang, K B K Teo, N L Rupesinghe, S H Dalal, K K K Koziol, D Roy, G A J Amaratunga, W I Milne, M Chhowalla, D G Hasko, F Wyszcisk and P Legagneux, “Growth of high-quality single-wall carbon nanotubes without amorphous carbon formation” Applied Physics Letters 84 269-271 (2004). [pdf]

K H Park, M Chhowalla, Z Iqbal and F Sesti, “Single wall carbon nanotubes are a new class of ion channel blockers” Journal of Biological Chemistry 278 50212-50216 (2003). [pdf]

R Prioli, M Chhowalla and L Freire, “Friction and wear at nanometer scale: a comparative study of hard carbon films” Diamond and Related Materials 12, 2195-2202 (2003).

K K S Lau, J Bico, K B K Teo, M Chhowalla, G A J Amaratunga, W I Milne, G H McKinley and K K Gleason, “Superhydrophobic Carbon Nanotube Forests” Nano Letters 3 1701-1705 (2003). [pdf]

N Sano, M Naito, M Chhowalla, T Kikuchi, S Matsuda, K Iimura, H L Wang, T Kanki and G A J Amaratunga, “Pressure effects on nanotubes formation using the submerged arc in water method” Chemical Physics Letters 378 29-34 (2003).

M Chhowalla, “Ion energy and charge state distributions in zirconium nitride arc plasma” Applied Physics Letters 83 1542-1544 (2003).

A S Teh, S B Lee, K B K Teo, M Chhowalla, W I Milne, D G Hasko, H Ahmed and G A J Amaratunga, “Lateral field emitters fabricated using carbon nanotubes” Microelectronic Engineering 67 789-796 (2003).

S B Lee, L A W Robinson, K B K Teo, M Chhowalla, G A J Amaratunga, W I  Milne, D G Hasko and H Ahmed, “Suspended multiwalled carbon nanotubes as self-aligned evaporation masks” Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 4 325-328 (2003).

S B Lee, K B K Teo, G A J Amaratunga, W I Milne, M Chhowalla, D G Hasko and H Ahmed, “Fabrication of multiwalled carbon nanotube bridges by poly-methylmethacrylate suspended dispersion” Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B 21  996-999 (2003).

D Roy, M Chhowalla, H Wang, N Sano, I Alexandrou, T W Clyne and G A J Amaratunga, “Characterisation of carbon nano-onions using Raman spectroscopy” Chemical Physics Letters 373 52-56 (2003).

W I Milne, K B K Teo, M Chhowalla, G A J Amaratunga, S B Lee, D G Hasko, H Ahmed, O Groening, P Legagneux, L Gangloff, J P Schnell, G Pirio, D Pribat, M Castignolles, A Loiseau, V Semet and V T Binh, “Electrical and field emission investigation of individual carbon nanotubes from plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition” Diamond and Related Materials 12 422-428 (2003).

M Chhowalla, H Wang, N Sano, K B K Teo, S B Lee and G A J Amaratunga, “Carbon onions: Carriers of the 217.5 nm interstellar absorption feature” Physical Review Letters 90 art. no.155504 (2003). [pdf]

N L Rupesinghe, M Chhowalla, K B K Teo and G A J Amaratunga, “Field emission vacuum power switch using vertically aligned carbon nanotubes” Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B21 338-343 (2003). [pdf] 

K B K Teo, M Chhowalla, G A J Amaratunga, W I Milne, P Legagneux, G Pirio, L Gangloff, D Pribat, V Semet, V T Binh, W H Bruenger, J Eichholz, H Hanssen, D Friedrich, S B Lee, D G Hasko and H Ahmed, “Fabrication and electrical characteristics of carbon nanotube-based microcathodes for use in a parallel electron-beam lithography system” Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B 21 693-697 (2003).

S B Lee, A S Teh, K B K Teo, M Chhowalla, D G Hasko, W I Milne, G A J Amaratunga and H Ahmed, “Fabrication of carbon nanotube lateral field emitters” Nanotechnology 14 192-195 (2003).

K B K Teo, S B Lee, M Chhowalla, V Semet, V T Binh, O Groening, M Castignolles, A Loiseau, G Pirio, P Legagneux, D Pribat, D G Hasko, H Ahmed, G A J Amaratunga and W I  Milne, “Plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition carbon nanotubes/nanofibres - how uniform do they grow?” Nanotechnology 14 204-211 (2003).

L A W Robinson, S B Lee, K B K Teos, M Chhowalla, G A J Amaratunga, W I Milne, D A Williams, D G Hasko and H Ahmed, “Fabrication of self-aligned side gates to carbon nanotubes” Nanotechnology 14 290-293 (2003).

N Sano, H L Wang, M Chhowalla, I Alexandrou, G A J Amaratunga, M Naito and T Kanki, “Fabrication of inorganic molybdenum disulfide fullerenes by arc in water” Chemical Physics Letters 368 331-337 (2003).

S B Lee, K B K Teo, L A W Robinson, A S Teh, M Chhowalla, D G Hasko, G A J Amaratunga, W I Milne and H Ahmed, “Characteristics of multiwalled carbon nanotube nanobridges fabricated by poly(methylmethacrylate) suspended dispersion” Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B 20 2773-2776 (2002).

R Horiuchi, K Okano, N Rupesinghe, M Chhowalla and G A J Amaratunga, “Seebeck measurements of N-doped diamond thin film” Physica Status Solidi A –Applied Research 193 457-461 (2002).

N Sano, M Chhowalla, D Roy and G A J Amaratunga,"Viability of sub-0.4-nm diameter carbon nanotubes" Physical Review B66 art. no. 113403 (2002). [pdf]

C Ducati, I Alexandrou, M Chhowalla, G A J Amaratunga and J Robertson, “Temperature selective growth of carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition” Journal of Applied Physics 92 3299-3303 (2002).

N Sano, H Wang, I Alexandrou, M Chhowalla, K B K Teo, G A J Amaratunga and K Iimura, “Properties of carbon onions produced by an arc discharge in water” Journal of Applied Physics 92 (5): 2783-2788 (2002).

S B Lee, K B K Teo, M Chhowalla, D G Hasko, G A J Amaratunga, W I Milne and H Ahmed, “Study of multi-walled carbon nanotube structures fabricated by PMMA suspended dispersion” Microelectronic Engineering 61 475-483 (2002).

V Semet, V T Binh, P Vincent, D Guillot, K B K Teo, M Chhowalla, G A J Amaratunga, W I Milne, P Legagneux and D Pribat, “Field electron emission from individual carbon nanotubes of a vertically aligned array” Applied Physics Letters 81 343-345  (2002).

J F Geng, C Ducati, D S Shephard, M Chhowalla, B F G Johnson and J Robertson, “Carbon nanohorns grown from ruthenium nanoparticles” Chemical Communications 10, 1112-1113 (2002).

G Pirio, P Legagneux, D Pribat, K B K Teo, M Chhowalla, G A J Amaratunga and W I Milne, “Fabrication and electrical characteristics of carbon nanotube field emission microcathodes with an integrated gate electrode" Nanotechnology 13 1-4 (2002).

K B K Teo, M Chhowalla, G A J Amaratunga, W I Milne, G Pirio, P Legagneux, F Wyczisk, D Pribat and D G Hasko, “Field emission from dense, sparse, and patterned arrays of carbon nanofibers” Applied Physics Letters 80, 2011-2013 (2002). [pdf]

K B K Teo, M Chhowalla, G A J Amaratunga, W I Milne, G Pirio, P Legagneux, F Wyczisk, J Olivier and D Pribat, “Characterization of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition carbon nanotubes by Auger electron spectroscopy” Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B 20 116-121 (2002).

M Akiyama, I Alexandrou, M Chhowalla and G A J Amaratunga, "Optimizing hardness of CNx thin films by d.c. magnetron sputtering and a statistical approach” Journal of Materials Science 36  5397 – 5401 (2001).

M Chhowalla, C Ducati, N L Rupesinghe, K B K Teo and G A J Amaratunga, “Field emission from ‘short and stubby’ vertically aligned carbon nanotubes” Applied Physics Letters 70, 2079 – 2081 (2001).

M Chhowalla,“Thick well-adhered, highly stressed tetrahedral amorphous carbon” Diamond and Related Materials 10 1011 – 1016 (2001).

M Chhowalla and G A J Amaratunga, “Strongly adhering and thick highly tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) thin films via surface modification by implantation” Journal of Materials Research 16 5 – 8 (2001).

M Chhowalla, K B K Teo, C Ducati, N L Rupesinghe, G A J Amaratunga, A C Ferrari, D Roy, J Robertson and W I Milne, “Growth process conditions of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition” Journal of Applied Physics 90 5308 - 5317,(2001). [pdf]

K B K Teo, M Chhowalla, G A J Amaratunga, W I Milne, D G Hasko, G Pirio, P Legagneux and D Pribat, “Uniform patterned growth of carbon nanotubes without surface carbon” Applied Physics Letters 79, 1534 – 1536 (2001). [pdf]

N Sano, H Wang, M Chhowalla, I Alexandrou and G A J Amaratunga, "Nanotechnology - Synthesis of carbon 'onions' in water" Nature (London) 414 506-507 (2001). [pdf]

M Chhowalla and G A J Amaratunga, “Thin films of fullerene-like MoS2 nanoparticles with Ultra low friction and wear MoS2 nanoparticle thin films” Nature (London) 407 164–167 (2000). [pdf] 

N L Rupesinghe, R J Cole, M Chhowalla, G A J Amaratunga and P Weightman, “Tetrahedral amorphous carbon-silicon heterojunction band energy offsets” Diamond and Related Materials 9 1148-1153 (2000).

N L Rupesinghe, M Chhowalla, G A J Amaratunga and P Weightman, “Influence of the heterojunction on the field emission properties from tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) on Si” Applied Physics Letters 77 1908 – 1910 (2000).

M Chhowalla, A C Ferrari, J Robertson and G A J Amaratunga, “Evolution of sp2 bonding with deposition temperature in tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) studied by Raman spectroscopy” Applied Physics Letters 76 1419-1421 (2000) (P.I.).

G A J Amaratunga, M Baxendale, N L Rupesinghe, I Alexandrou, M Chhowalla, T Butler, A I Munindradasa, C J Kiely, L Zhang and T Sakai, “Field emission from a new form of thin film amorphous carbon having nanoparticle inclusions and carbon nanotubes” New Diamond and Frontier Carbon Technology 9 31-51 (1999).

G. A. J. Amaratunga, M. Chhowalla, K. G. Lim, D. A. I. Munindradasa, M. Baxendale, I. Alexandrou and C. J. Kiely, “Electronic properties of tetrahedral amorphous carbon films containing nanotube regions” Carbon 35 575-579 (1998).

D. A. I. Munindradasa, M. Chhowalla, G. A. J. Amaratunga and S. R. P. Silva,  “Electronic behavior and field emission of a-C:H:N/Si heterojunctions” Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 230 1106-1112 (1998).

B. Y. Kleinsorge, A. Illie, M. Chhowalla, W. Fukarek, W. I. Milne and J. Robertson, Diamond and Related Materials, “Electrical and optical properties of boronated tetrahedrally bonded amorphous carbon (ta-C:B)” Diamond and Related Materials 7 472-476 (1997).

M. M. M. Bilek, M. Chhowalla and W. I. Milne, “Influence of reactive gas on ion energy distributions in filtered cathodic vacuum arcs” Applied Physics Letters 71 1777-1779 (1997).

M. Chhowalla, D. A. I. Munindradasa and G. A. J. Amaratunga, “Fullerene and nanoparticle formation in cathodic arc deposition” Applied Physics Letters 70 3233-3235 (1997).

M. Chhowalla, R. A. Aharonov, C. J. Kiely, I. Alexandrou and G. A. J. Amaratunga, “Generation and deposition of fullerene- and nanotube-rich carbon thin films” Philosophical Magazine Letters 75 329-335 (1997).

M. Chhowalla, J. Robertson, C. W. Chen, S. R. P. Silva, C. A. Davis, G. A. J. Amaratunga and W. I. Milne, “Influence of ion energy and substrate temperature on the optical and electronic properties of tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) films” Journal of Applied Physics 81 139-145 (1997). [pdf]

M. Chhowalla, I. Alexandrou, C. J. Kiely, G. A. J. Amaratunga, R. A. Aharonov and R. P. Fontana, “Investigation of carbon nitride films by cathodic arc evaporation” Thin Solid Films 291 103-106 (1996).

S. R. P. Silva, S. Xu, B. K. Tay, H. S. Tan, H. J. Scheibe, M. Chhowalla and W. I. Milne, “The structure of tetrahedral amorphous carbon thin films” Thin Solid Films 291 317-233 (1996).

M. M. M. Bilek, D. R. McKenzie, Y. Yin, M. Chhowalla and W. I. Milne, “Interactions of directed plasma from a cathodic arc with electrodes and magnetic field” IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 24 1291-1298 (1996).

M. Chhowalla, Y. Yin, G. A. J. Amaratunga, D. R. McKenzie and Th. Frauenheim, “Highly tetrahedral amorphous carbon films with low stress” Applied Physics Letters 69 2344-2346 (1996).

G. A. J. Amaratunga, M. Chhowalla, C. J. Kiely, I. Alexandrou, R. A. Aharonov, R. M.Devenish, “Hard and elastic thin films from interlinking of carbon nanoparticles”, Nature (London) 383 321-323 (1996). [pdf]

R. A. Aharonov, M. Chhowalla, S. Dhar and R. P. Fontana, “Factors affecting growth defect formation in cathodic arc evaporated coatings” Surface and Coatings Technology 82 334-343 (1996).

L. Chandra, M. Chhowalla, G. A. J. Amaratunga and T. W. Clyne, “Residual stresses and debonding of diamond films on titanium alloy substrates” Diamond and Related Materials 5 674-681 (1996).

B. F. Coll and M. Chhowalla, “Amorphous diamond films by enhanced arc evaporation” Surface Coatings and Technology 79 76-86 (1996).

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The Nano-materials and Devices Group
Department of Materials Science and Engineering
607 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA